First Focal Plane vs Second Focal Plane Scope- Which is Best For You

One of the most critical deciding factors when choosing a rifle scope is the focal plane. If this is your first scope, congratulations are in order! Kidding aside, once you understand the difference between first focal plane vs second focal plane scope, you’ll instantly know which works best for you and your intended use.

But first, let’s define the term focal plane. Focal plane is where the reticle is placed along the erector tube assembly and magnification lenses.

First focal plane vs second focal plane scope

First Focal Plane Scope

A first focal plane (FFP) scope is also called a “front” focal plane scope. This means that the reticle is in front of the entire assembly and is farthest from your eye.

With an FFP scope, the reticle changes in size with magnification relative to the target, so the sub-tension (or the reticle’s size relative to the target) remains constant on every magnification setting. This allows you to use the correct holdover point when taking long-distance shots and estimate range efficiently no matter the magnification.

FFPs are best for quick-paced high-stress shooting scenarios with widely varying engagement ranges. That’s because you can use reticle hash marks for wind drift and bullet drop compensation on every magnification setting.

Pros

• Very accurate and clear sub-tensions at high magnification
• Complements ballistic drop compensation
• FFPs have a more solid build

Cons

• The reticle is too small at close distances, especially in low light
• The reticle can be too thick and can obstruct part of your target at high magnification
• Very expensive

Best For: 

• Precision Rifle Shooting Competitions – FFPs are designed for precision over long distances. They have a wide magnification range for shooting at targets of varying distances.
• Tactical Shooting – The consistent subtension allows you to correct your errors for more accurate and rapid follow-up shots. Plus they’re extremely durable so you can run and get them bumped around without degrading the performance.

Best First Focal Plane Scope: EOTech Vudu 5-25×50

Second Focal Plane Scope

With a second focal plane (SFP) or rear focal plane scope, the reticle is positioned behind the entire zoom mechanism, so it’s closer to your eye. This means that the reticle’s size remains the same while your target’s image increases or decreases in size with magnification. This also means that the sub-tension is constantly changing.

SFP scopes with BDC mil-dot or any ranging reticles only work at a specific magnification. They’re great for taking long-range precision shots on very small targets because its reticle remains thin even at high magnifications. With a simple duplex and a limited range of engagements, it can be a great choice.

Most hunters and serious shooters are familiar with SFPs since they’re more common and more budget-friendly.

Pros

• The reticle doesn’t obstruct the target at high power.
• Affordable
• Lightweight

Cons

• Not great for long range shooting

Best For:

• Hunting – Most hunters keep a short distance from their targets, so SFPs are enough most of the time, especially for small game.
• Defensive Shooting – You need to see your reticle well even when in low light and at lower magnification, and that’s something an SFP is best at.

Best Second Focal Plane Scope: Vortex Strike Eagle

Conclusion

Now that you’ve decided on which focal plane scope you need, it’s time to decide on the scope’s reticle and check on the glass clarity and overall quality. After that, you’re good to go!

Last update on 2024-03-28 / Images from Amazon Product API